Oxidative chemical beneficiation of low-quality coals under low-energy ultrasonic and microwave irradiation: An environmental-friendly approach

The present environmentally-friendly coal processing technology discussed herewith focuses on the combined effect of ultrasonic and microwave energy in extent mineral matter (ash yield) removal from high-sulfur, low-quality coals for their clean utilization. novelty this study is that technique very efficient instead using drastic chemicals with less treatment time, amount reagent comparison to conventional method, has potential adopt large-scale commercial production cleaner coals. quality products was examined by chemical analysis advanced analytical techniques (electron beam analysis). irradiation process observed be most effective beneficiation high-sulfur than single process. result showed a maximum 51.28% 66.34% ash (mineral matter) samples followed an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed both inorganic organic sulfur these Cenozoic low-rank, Indian high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) image treated nearly agglomerated collections nanomaterials; carbon spheres/flacks irregular shape; elements such as oxygen, iron, silicon, sulfur, aluminum beneficiated samples. major phases, including quartz, kaolinite, gypsum, are found removed during thermal (TGA-DTG) also suitability power plant application. • Ultrasound matters coal. Thermal properties improved. Advanced level characterizations raw discussed.